Pancake Tortoise Care
The pancake tortoise (Malacochersus
tornieri) is found in rocky scrub in southern Kenya and northern and
eastern Tanzania. Its name comes from the shape of its shell, which is
flattened and flexible. Unlike most tortoises, which pull their limbs into
their shell when threatened, the pancake runs for cover. It’s thought to be the
fastest tortoise species alive!
A relatively small species, the upper shell (carapace)
reaches a maximum length of 17.8 cm (7 inches). They live in loose groups
around piles of rock, and their unique shape enables them to hide in the
crevices in these rocks when trouble threatens. They also use these crevices to
regulate their body temperature during the heat of the African day; in fact,
although they don’t hibernate they do aestivate – which is the same thing, but
to escape heat rather than cold.
Wild populations are in decline due to the deadly
combination of habitat loss and collection for the pet trade; it’s more
important than ever to make sure that you only buy true captive bred specimens.
These should be microchipped and accompanied by the relevant Article 10
paperwork.
Pancakes are one of the few arid habitat tortoises that
thrive in vivariums, although a well set-up tortoise table would be fine for
them as well. They need a good source of UVB and a basking area large enough
for them to expose their whole shells to the hot spot, rather than just a small
area. They are also happy to live in groups, unlike many other species.
Feeding is relatively simple for them as long as you follow
a few common sense rules. They do very well on a weed based diet, high in fibre
and calcium, low in protein and phosphorous. Avoid fruit, and any greens high
in oxalic acid (such as spinach) or goitrogens – chemicals that cause gout
(most of the brassica family, cabbages, kale and so on). These food items are
fine as a treat, but should be avoided on a regular basis. Plain calcium should
be dusted on every feed, with a good quality multivitamin/multimineral powder
added twice a week. Pancake tortoises feed enthusiastically, and seem to prefer
to eat in the morning; they like to spend most of the day tucked up in their
hides, but once they’re settled they will emerge to investigate whenever anyone
comes near their home.
A word of warning – pancake tortoises are phenomenal climbers! They are adapted
to spend their days scrambling around huge piles of sun warmed rock, so any
open topped enclosure must have either a large overhanging lip or a mesh cover.
Their flexible shell and long limbs allow them to flip themselves over much faster
than more normal shaped species, another adaptation to help them cope with the
inevitable falls that come with their acrobatic lifestyle.
Because of their unique shape, female pancakes lay one – or very
occasionally two – eggs at a time, although they can do this up to five times
in a season. They have an extremely variable incubation period; three to six
months!
Scientific Name: Malacochersus tornieri
Location: Kenya and Tanzania
Habitat (wild): Arid environment, stone outcroppings called
kopjes.
Captive environment: Table or vivarium
Preferred temperature range: daytime hot spot of 40 deg C under
the basking light, background ambient of 35 deg C, cool end of 25 deg C.
Temperature can drop to 20 deg C at night.
UVB: 10% or 12% tube, mercury vapour or metal halide bulb.
Substrate: Soil based
Lifespan: 35 years +